Abstract
The emerging vehicular applications such as active safety, infotainment, interactive games, and wireless Internet access might dictate very high reliability and availability in future radio over fiber networks. This paper provides an integrated analysis of availability of the optical fiber network and the wireless network, of future radio over fiber systems. We present an integrated comparative analysis of network topologies for radio over fiber networks. In particular, we present results that compare different topologies such as multilevel rings and hybrid multilevel ring-stars in terms of total availability considering both, the fiber network and the wireless network. Protection schemes are also considered and results on the protected versions of the aforementioned topologies are also presented.

Abstract
Injection locking of semiconductor lasers has proven to be a versatile technique in a wide area of applications including Radio over Fiber (RoF) transmitters, optical comb generators, phase-arrayed antennas, mm-wave telescopes, etc. The injection-locked semiconductor laser acts as an optical amplifier, phase modulator, weak signal detector and optical filter. The stable locking and dynamic properties are strongly dependant on the cavity structure of these devices. A method based on semi-classical theory is presented for determining the effect of weak optical injection on the threshold gain and resonant frequency of complex-coupled DFB semiconductor lasers. This allows tailoring the locking bandwidth according to target application of the component and the establishment of design principles. The study is further complemented by large-signal time-domain simulations where structures for several applications are discussed.

Abstract
Sol gel-derived silica-hafnia is a reliable and flexible binary system that has proved to be suitable for rare earth doping and fabrication of amorphous and glass ceramic planar waveguides as well as for improving thermal stability of spherical microresonators. Here we present an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated with Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the silica-hafnia system for photonics applications three different confined structures are briefly presented: i) amorphous waveguides; ii) glass-ceramic waveguides; iii) coated microspheres

Abstract
Network management is an indispensable constituent of communication systems since it is responsible for ensuring the secure and continuous functioning of any network. An integral part of any management system is fault management, which is responsible for detecting failures and isolating failed components. The key functions of fault management include fault detection, fault localization, and fault notification. They also include protection and restoration services in the event of transmission failure of links and nodes. In this paper, we propose an extension for fault management in support of the emerging Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching framework for distributed control of optical networks. Keywords: Optical Networks, GMPLS, Link Management, Fault Management, Optical Network Security.

Abstract
Injection locking of semiconductor lasers has proven to be a versatile technique in a wide area of applications including Radio over Fiber (RoF) transmitters, optical comb generators, phase-arrayed antennas, mm-wave telescopes, etc. The injection-locked semiconductor laser acts as an optical amplifier, phase modulator, weak signal detector and optical filter. The stable locking and dynamic properties are strongly dependant on the cavity structure of these devices. A method based on semi-classical theory is presented for determining the effect of weak optical injection on the threshold gain and resonant frequency of complex-coupled DFB semiconductor lasers. This allows tailoring the locking bandwidth according to target application of the component and the establishment of design principles. The study is further complemented by large-signal time-domain simulations where structures for several applications are discussed.

Abstract
Ultralow threshold microcavity lasers are ideal candidates for high-density optical interconnect light sources. Although they have been extensively studied for the last decade, ƒÊA-level electro-pumped quantum confined lasers are still under investigation. Photonic-corral-mode quantum ring (PQR) lasers with the linewidth narrower than 0.55A generate micro-to-nano-ampere thresholds, and become ideal for CMOS-driven high-density emitter arrays for intra-chip optical interconnect as well as other applications such as displays. By using laser beam induced current technique (LBIC) technique in laser scanning microscopy (LSM) we investigated the photocurrent confinement in the laser structure. The photocurrent map gives the possibility to analyze the laser structure uniformity. The emission spectra of a PQR laser was investigated by using of microscopic optical fiber probe. Keywords: Photonic quantum ring, laser, photocurrent , scanning microscopy, near field

Abstract
This paper presents the integration of quality of service (QoS) requirements in routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problems to design dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical networks. A genetic algorithm (GA) optimization approach is employed to solve this complex and multi-constraint problem under heavy load demand matrices employing the COST239 test bench. Simulation results demonstrate that the GA is efficient to establish both bandwidth and propagation delay optimization lightpaths. Keywords-Optical Networks, DWDM Technique, RWA Problem, QoS, Genetic Algorithm.

Abstract

Abstract
In the report results of researches of characteristics of radar images (RI) in automobile radio vision systems (ARVS) are presented. Results of the researches are based on a series of field tests of ARVS with frequency modulation (FM) of the MM - wavelength. As an example results of the analysis of characteristics of the RI of sites of a motorway with various types of a road covering are submitted. With the purpose of creation of statistically steady radar images of AO, suitable for the decision of a problem of identification and recognition of these objects, in the report results of experimental measurements of space-time characteristics of radar objects are submitted. In particular, in the report angular and range distributions of the power of a signal of dispersion for cargo and cars, and others AO are presented also.

Abstract
Absorption spectra and surface topography of optically modified silver nanoparticles grown on ITO thin layers are here investigated. The study is carried out with two ITO layers respectively having 50 ?/square and 4 ?/square sheet resistivity. The surface of the Ni samples are treated by one, three and five single pulses of 20 ns Nd:YAG laser. After the irradiation processes, the grating-like structures of various periods are observed. The result obtained is mainly assigned to the concentration of free electrons that is responsible for the surface plasmon resonance and the heat transfer phenomenon.

Abstract
Applications related to two-photon absorption (TPA) are numerous and concern different fields: fluorescence imaging, optical data storage, 3D microfabrication, photodynamic therapy of cancer, optical limiting. We will present different approaches of molecular engineering for the design of two-photon absorbors from the visible to the near-IR and particularly at telecommunication wavelengths. We will show that the oligomer strategy, inducing excitonic interactions between each monomer, lead to high TPA efficiencies in the visible for optical limiting. TPA properties of polymethine cyanines between 1400 and 1600 nm give rise to optical limiting at telecommunication wavelengths. TPA properties of highly luminescent lanthanides complexes will be presented with their using in proteines crystals or cells imaging.

Abstract
We demonstrate experimentally the existence of spatial solitons in a chiral nematic liquid crystal planar cell. Due to the optical reorientational nonlinearity there were created for a light power of a few milliwats. The low absorption allows us to observe soliton propagation distance over lengths of a few millimeters.

Abstract
We report the synthesis and crystal chemistry of a series of TTF derivatives bearing simple amino acids such as the achiral Glycine or the chiral Alanine or Valine. The amino acids are linked to the TTF cores via the amino group and the acid functionality is further deprotonated to yield a TTF-carboxylate anion. The latter acts as both a pi-donor and electrolyte in the electrocristallisation experiments which deliver unprecedented zwitterionic (neutral) radicals. Their X-ray structures is analyzed and discussed in relation with their electronic and magnetic properties. This work is further extended to engage simple oligopeptides that can easily be linked to the TTF moiety. The preparation and the X-ray structures of both TTF-peptides and/or their zwitterionic radicals prepared by chemical or electrochemical methods will also be reported with an eye on how self-assembly via peptidic intermolecular interactions may be rationalized to direct the construction of novel pi-functional peptidic architectures.

Abstract
The investigation of the nonlinear optical response of various Au nanostructures has been recently accomplished in our laboratory and some selected results concerning the nonlinear optical properties of these nanostructures will be presented and discussed. In particular, the third-order nonlinear optical response of nanometer thick Au films and Au nano-island films, both deposited on transparent dielectric substrates, are going to be presented and discussed. In addition, the nonlinear optical response of Au nano-clusters encapsulated in block copolymer micelles will be also presented and compared with the other nanostructures. In all cases, the influence of the morphological characteristics of these structures on the nonlinear optical response will be discussed.

Abstract
The solid solutions based on alloys are synthesized by arc-melting or HF induction furnace and the corresponding crystal structures are established by using the X-ray diffraction and the Rietveld refinement method. The resistivity and the thermoelectric Seebeck coefficient referred to the pure copper is measured in the temperature range 80 - 380 K. Static magnetic susceptibility is also measured at room temperature. Based on first-principles spin-density functional calculations and using mainly the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method (KKR) combined with the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA), both electronic and magnetic structures of these alloys are investigated. Thermoelectric Seebeck coefficient calculations are performed and comparisons are made between experiments and simulated results. Energy conversion performance in terms of the efficiency and figure of merit will be discussed and comparisons with other thermoelectric materials will be presented.

Abstract